Nickel 690 vs. EN 1.0478 Steel
Nickel 690 belongs to the nickel alloys classification, while EN 1.0478 steel belongs to the iron alloys.
For each property being compared, the top bar is nickel 690 and the bottom bar is EN 1.0478 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 90 | |
| 130 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 3.4 to 34 | |
| 24 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 180 to 300 | |
| 170 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 79 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 420 to 570 | |
| 280 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 640 to 990 | |
| 440 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 250 to 760 | |
| 230 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 320 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 1010 | |
| 400 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1380 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1340 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 14 | |
| 49 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 14 | |
| 12 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 1.5 | |
| 7.3 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 1.6 | |
| 8.3 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 50 | |
| 2.2 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.3 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 8.2 | |
| 1.5 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 120 | |
| 20 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 290 | |
| 48 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 31 to 170 | |
| 90 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 160 to 1440 | |
| 150 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 21 to 33 | |
| 16 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 20 to 27 | |
| 16 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 3.5 | |
| 13 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 16 to 25 | |
| 14 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.060 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 to 0.18 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 27 to 31 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 7.0 to 11 | |
| 96.9 to 99.4 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0.6 to 1.4 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 58 to 66 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |