SAE-AISI 1016 Steel vs. EN 2.4964 Cobalt
SAE-AISI 1016 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while EN 2.4964 cobalt belongs to the cobalt alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1016 steel and the bottom bar is EN 2.4964 cobalt.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 220 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 21 to 28 | |
| 40 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 180 to 270 | |
| 220 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 86 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 430 to 480 | |
| 960 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 240 to 390 | |
| 390 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 290 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1630 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1550 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 400 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 52 | |
| 15 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 12 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.0 | |
| 1.9 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.0 | |
| 1.8 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 9.6 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.4 | |
| 9.8 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 18 | |
| 140 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 46 | |
| 450 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 92 to 100 | |
| 310 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 150 to 410 | |
| 340 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 21 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 15 to 17 | |
| 28 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 16 to 17 | |
| 23 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 14 | |
| 3.9 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 13 to 15 | |
| 25 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.13 to 0.18 | |
| 0.050 to 0.15 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 19 to 21 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 0 | |
| 46.4 to 58 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 98.8 to 99.27 | |
| 0 to 3.0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.6 to 0.9 | |
| 0 to 2.0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 9.0 to 11 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Tungsten (W), % | 0 | |
| 14 to 16 |