SAE-AISI 1045 Steel vs. AISI 416 Stainless Steel
Both SAE-AISI 1045 steel and AISI 416 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 86% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1045 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 416 stainless steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 180 to 190 | |
| 230 to 320 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 13 to 18 | |
| 13 to 31 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 220 to 370 | |
| 230 to 340 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 72 | |
| 76 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 380 to 410 | |
| 340 to 480 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 620 to 680 | |
| 510 to 800 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 330 to 580 | |
| 290 to 600 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 270 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 400 | |
| 680 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1530 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1480 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 51 | |
| 30 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 9.9 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.0 | |
| 2.9 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.1 | |
| 3.3 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 1.8 | |
| 7.0 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.7 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.4 | |
| 1.9 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 18 | |
| 27 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 46 | |
| 100 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 84 to 93 | |
| 98 to 140 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 300 to 900 | |
| 220 to 940 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 22 to 24 | |
| 18 to 29 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 21 to 22 | |
| 18 to 25 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 14 | |
| 8.1 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 20 to 22 | |
| 19 to 30 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.43 to 0.5 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 12 to 14 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 98.5 to 99 | |
| 83.2 to 87.9 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.6 to 0.9 | |
| 0 to 1.3 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.060 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |