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SAE-AISI 1045 Steel vs. SAE-AISI 1090 Steel

Both SAE-AISI 1045 steel and SAE-AISI 1090 steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1045 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1090 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 180 to 190
220 to 280
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 13 to 18
11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 370
320 to 380
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 40 to 51
28 to 45
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
72
Shear Strength, MPa 380 to 410
470 to 570
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 620 to 680
790 to 950
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 330 to 580
520 to 610

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
240
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
50
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
8.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 84 to 93
82 to 91
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 300 to 900
730 to 1000
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 22 to 24
28 to 34
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21 to 22
24 to 27
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20 to 22
25 to 31

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.43 to 0.5
0.85 to 1.0
Iron (Fe), % 98.5 to 99
98 to 98.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0.6 to 0.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.050

Comparable Variants