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SAE-AISI 1090 Steel vs. 7049A Aluminum

SAE-AISI 1090 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 7049A aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1090 steel and the bottom bar is 7049A aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
71
Elongation at Break, % 11
5.0 to 5.7
Fatigue Strength, MPa 320 to 380
180
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
27
Shear Strength, MPa 470 to 570
340 to 350
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 790 to 950
580 to 590
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 520 to 610
500 to 530

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 240
370
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
200
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
430
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
850
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
40
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
120

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
10
Density, g/cm3 7.8
3.1
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
8.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
1100

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 82 to 91
28 to 32
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 730 to 1000
1800 to 1990
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
44
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28 to 34
52 to 53
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 27
50 to 51
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
50
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 25 to 31
25

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
84.6 to 89.5
Carbon (C), % 0.85 to 1.0
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.050 to 0.25
Copper (Cu), % 0
1.2 to 1.9
Iron (Fe), % 98 to 98.6
0 to 0.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
2.1 to 3.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0 to 0.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.25
Zinc (Zn), % 0
7.2 to 8.4
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
0 to 0.25
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15