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SAE-AISI 1090 Steel vs. EN AC-21200 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 1090 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while EN AC-21200 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1090 steel and the bottom bar is EN AC-21200 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 220 to 280
120 to 130
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
71
Elongation at Break, % 11
3.9 to 6.2
Fatigue Strength, MPa 320 to 380
110 to 130
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
27
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 790 to 950
410 to 440
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 520 to 610
270 to 360

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 240
390
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
660
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
550
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
880
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
34
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
100

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
10
Density, g/cm3 7.8
3.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
8.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
1150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 82 to 91
16 to 22
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 730 to 1000
500 to 930
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
46
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28 to 34
38 to 40
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 27
41 to 43
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
49
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 25 to 31
18 to 19

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
93.3 to 95.7
Carbon (C), % 0.85 to 1.0
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
4.0 to 5.0
Iron (Fe), % 98 to 98.6
0 to 0.2
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.030
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0.15 to 0.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.9
0.2 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.050
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 0.1
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0
Tin (Sn), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.1
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.1
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.1