SAE-AISI 1090 Steel vs. Type 4 Niobium
SAE-AISI 1090 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while Type 4 niobium belongs to the otherwise unclassified metals. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1090 steel and the bottom bar is Type 4 niobium.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 220 to 280 | |
| 120 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 110 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 11 | |
| 23 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.4 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 72 | |
| 38 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 790 to 950 | |
| 220 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 520 to 610 | |
| 140 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 240 | |
| 310 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 270 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 50 | |
| 42 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 7.3 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 8.6 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 46 | |
| 160 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 82 to 91 | |
| 44 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 730 to 1000 | |
| 93 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 6.8 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 28 to 34 | |
| 7.2 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 24 to 27 | |
| 9.5 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 13 | |
| 18 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 25 to 31 | |
| 21 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.85 to 1.0 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Hafnium (Hf), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.0015 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 98 to 98.6 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.6 to 0.9 | |
| 0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.0050 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 0 | |
| 98.1 to 99.2 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.0050 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 |
| Tantalum (Ta), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Tungsten (W), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Zirconium (Zr), % | 0 | |
| 0.8 to 1.2 |