SAE-AISI 1095 Steel vs. Type 4 Niobium
SAE-AISI 1095 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while Type 4 niobium belongs to the otherwise unclassified metals. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1095 steel and the bottom bar is Type 4 niobium.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 200 to 270 | |
| 120 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 110 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 10 to 11 | |
| 23 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.4 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 72 | |
| 38 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 680 to 900 | |
| 220 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 500 to 590 | |
| 140 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 240 | |
| 310 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 270 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 47 | |
| 42 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 7.3 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 8.6 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 45 | |
| 160 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 63 to 84 | |
| 44 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 660 to 930 | |
| 93 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 6.8 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 24 to 32 | |
| 7.2 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 22 to 26 | |
| 9.5 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 13 | |
| 18 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 22 to 29 | |
| 21 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.9 to 1.0 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Hafnium (Hf), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.0015 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 98.4 to 98.8 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.3 to 0.5 | |
| 0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.0050 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 0 | |
| 98.1 to 99.2 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.0050 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 |
| Tantalum (Ta), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Tungsten (W), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Zirconium (Zr), % | 0 | |
| 0.8 to 1.2 |