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SAE-AISI 1140 Steel vs. 5040 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 1140 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 5040 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1140 steel and the bottom bar is 5040 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170 to 180
66 to 74
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
70
Elongation at Break, % 14 to 18
5.7 to 6.8
Fatigue Strength, MPa 230 to 370
100 to 130
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
26
Shear Strength, MPa 370 to 420
140 to 150
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 600 to 700
240 to 260
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 340 to 570
190 to 230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
190
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
650
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
600
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
160
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.0
41
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
130

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
8.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
1180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 89 to 93
14 to 15
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 310 to 870
260 to 380
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 25
24 to 26
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 22
31 to 32
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
64
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18 to 21
10 to 11

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
95.2 to 98
Carbon (C), % 0.37 to 0.44
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.1 to 0.3
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 98.4 to 98.9
0 to 0.7
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
1.0 to 1.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 1.0
0.9 to 1.4
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 0.3
Sulfur (S), % 0.080 to 0.13
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.25
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15