SAE-AISI 4028 Steel vs. C12600 Copper
SAE-AISI 4028 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C12600 copper belongs to the copper alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4028 steel and the bottom bar is C12600 copper.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 120 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 14 to 23 | |
| 56 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.34 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 56 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 310 to 380 | |
| 190 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 490 to 630 | |
| 270 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 260 to 520 | |
| 69 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 210 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 400 | |
| 200 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1080 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1030 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 390 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 49 | |
| 130 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 17 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.1 | |
| 29 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.1 | |
| 29 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 2.1 | |
| 30 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 8.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.5 | |
| 2.6 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 19 | |
| 41 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 47 | |
| 310 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 81 to 95 | |
| 110 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 180 to 720 | |
| 21 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 7.2 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 17 to 22 | |
| 8.2 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 18 to 21 | |
| 10 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 13 | |
| 39 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 16 to 20 | |
| 9.5 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.25 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 99.5 to 99.8 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 98.1 to 98.7 | |
| 0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.7 to 0.9 | |
| 0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.2 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0.2 to 0.4 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0.035 to 0.050 | |
| 0 |