SAE-AISI 4320 Steel vs. SAE-AISI 9310 Steel
Both SAE-AISI 4320 steel and SAE-AISI 9310 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4320 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 9310 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 160 to 240 | |
| 540 to 610 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 21 to 29 | |
| 17 to 19 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 320 | |
| 300 to 390 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 370 to 500 | |
| 510 to 570 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 570 to 790 | |
| 820 to 910 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 430 to 460 | |
| 450 to 570 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 420 | |
| 440 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 46 | |
| 48 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 11 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.4 | |
| 7.7 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.5 | |
| 8.9 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 3.4 | |
| 4.4 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.7 | |
| 1.8 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 22 | |
| 24 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 52 | |
| 57 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 140 to 150 | |
| 120 to 150 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 480 to 560 | |
| 540 to 860 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 20 to 28 | |
| 29 to 32 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 19 to 24 | |
| 25 to 27 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 19 to 27 | |
| 24 to 27 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.17 to 0.22 | |
| 0.080 to 0.13 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.4 to 0.6 | |
| 1.0 to 1.4 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 95.8 to 97 | |
| 93.8 to 95.2 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.45 to 0.65 | |
| 0.45 to 0.65 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.2 to 0.3 | |
| 0.080 to 0.15 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 1.7 to 2.0 | |
| 3.0 to 3.5 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0.2 to 0.35 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.012 |