SAE-AISI D2 Steel vs. Grade 9 Titanium
SAE-AISI D2 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 9 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI D2 steel and the bottom bar is grade 9 titanium.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 110 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 5.0 to 16 | |
| 11 to 17 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 310 to 860 | |
| 330 to 480 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.32 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 75 | |
| 40 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 460 to 1160 | |
| 430 to 580 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 760 to 2000 | |
| 700 to 960 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 470 to 1510 | |
| 540 to 830 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 270 | |
| 410 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1440 | |
| 1640 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1390 | |
| 1590 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 550 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 31 | |
| 8.1 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 11 | |
| 9.1 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 4.3 | |
| 1.4 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 5.1 | |
| 2.7 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 8.0 | |
| 37 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.7 | |
| 4.5 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 3.4 | |
| 36 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 50 | |
| 580 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 100 | |
| 150 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 92 to 100 | |
| 89 to 110 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 570 to 5940 | |
| 1380 to 3220 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 35 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 27 to 72 | |
| 43 to 60 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 24 to 46 | |
| 39 to 48 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 8.3 | |
| 3.3 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 25 to 67 | |
| 52 to 71 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 2.5 to 3.5 |
| Carbon (C), % | 1.4 to 1.6 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 11 to 13 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 0 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 81.3 to 86.9 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 0.6 | |
| 0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.7 to 1.2 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.6 | |
| 0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 92.6 to 95.5 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 to 1.1 | |
| 2.0 to 3.0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |