SAE-AISI M3 Class 2 Steel vs. Grade 9 Titanium
SAE-AISI M3 class 2 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 9 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI M3 class 2 steel and the bottom bar is grade 9 titanium.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 110 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.32 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 77 | |
| 40 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 770 to 2210 | |
| 700 to 960 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 260 | |
| 410 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1620 | |
| 1640 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1570 | |
| 1590 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 440 | |
| 550 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 26 | |
| 8.1 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 9.1 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 25 | |
| 37 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.3 | |
| 4.5 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 12 | |
| 36 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 180 | |
| 580 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 110 | |
| 150 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 23 | |
| 35 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 26 to 74 | |
| 43 to 60 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 22 to 45 | |
| 39 to 48 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 7.2 | |
| 3.3 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 24 to 69 | |
| 52 to 71 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 2.5 to 3.5 |
| Carbon (C), % | 1.2 to 1.3 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 3.8 to 4.5 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 0 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 75.8 to 82.3 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.15 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 4.8 to 6.5 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.2 to 0.45 | |
| 0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 92.6 to 95.5 |
| Tungsten (W), % | 5.0 to 6.8 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 2.8 to 3.8 | |
| 2.0 to 3.0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |