SAE-AISI S4 Steel vs. C99400 Brass
SAE-AISI S4 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C99400 brass belongs to the copper alloys. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI S4 steel and the bottom bar is C99400 brass.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 120 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.34 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 72 | |
| 44 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 670 to 2140 | |
| 460 to 550 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 280 | |
| 230 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1430 | |
| 1070 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1390 | |
| 1020 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 400 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 17 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.4 | |
| 17 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.7 | |
| 17 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 2.2 | |
| 30 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.7 | |
| 8.7 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.0 | |
| 2.8 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 29 | |
| 45 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 48 | |
| 310 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 7.5 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 19 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 24 to 77 | |
| 15 to 17 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 22 to 48 | |
| 15 to 17 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 20 to 65 | |
| 16 to 19 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 0.5 to 2.0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0.5 to 0.65 | |
| 0 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.1 to 0.5 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 83.5 to 96.5 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 95.2 to 96.9 | |
| 1.0 to 3.0 |
| Lead (Pb), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.6 to 1.0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 1.0 to 3.5 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 1.8 to 2.3 | |
| 0.5 to 2.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 | |
| 0.5 to 5.0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |