Type 4 Niobium vs. Grade 23 Titanium
Type 4 niobium belongs to the otherwise unclassified metals classification, while grade 23 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 20 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (13, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is Type 4 niobium and the bottom bar is grade 23 titanium.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 110 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 23 | |
| 6.7 to 11 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.4 | |
| 0.32 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 38 | |
| 40 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 220 | |
| 930 to 940 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 140 | |
| 850 to 870 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 310 | |
| 410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 270 | |
| 560 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 42 | |
| 7.1 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 7.3 | |
| 9.4 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.6 | |
| 4.4 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 160 | |
| 200 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 44 | |
| 61 to 100 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 93 | |
| 3430 to 3560 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 6.8 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 18 | |
| 35 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 7.2 | |
| 58 to 59 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 9.5 | |
| 48 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 18 | |
| 2.9 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 21 | |
| 67 to 68 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 5.5 to 6.5 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.010 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |
| Hafnium (Hf), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.0015 | |
| 0 to 0.013 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.010 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 to 0.0050 | |
| 0 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 98.1 to 99.2 | |
| 0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.010 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 to 0.13 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.0050 | |
| 0 |
| Tantalum (Ta), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 88.1 to 91 |
| Tungsten (W), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 3.5 to 4.5 |
| Zirconium (Zr), % | 0.8 to 1.2 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |