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C12000 Copper vs. 4104 Aluminum

C12000 copper belongs to the copper alloys classification, while 4104 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is C12000 copper and the bottom bar is 4104 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 120
71
Elongation at Break, % 2.8 to 50
2.4
Poisson's Ratio 0.34
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 43
27
Shear Strength, MPa 160 to 240
63
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 230 to 410
110
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 77 to 400
60

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 210
540
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 200
160
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1080
600
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1080
560
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 390
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 390
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
22

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 98
33
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 98
120

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 31
9.5
Density, g/cm3 9.0
2.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.6
8.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 41
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 310
1080

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 10 to 91
2.3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 25 to 690
25
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 7.2
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 18
54
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 7.2 to 13
12
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 9.4 to 14
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 110
58
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 8.2 to 15
5.1

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
85.8 to 90
Bismuth (Bi), % 0
0.020 to 0.2
Copper (Cu), % 99.9 to 99.996
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 0
0 to 0.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
1.0 to 2.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0.0040 to 0.012
0
Silicon (Si), % 0
9.0 to 10.5
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.2
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15