UNS C12000 (CW023A) Phosphorized Copper
C12000 copper is a lightly alloyed grade of copper, formulated for primary forming into wrought products. CW023A is the EN numeric designation for this material. C12000 is the UNS number. Additionally, the SAE designation is CA120. Older literature may refer to this material as DLP, but this is now discouraged.
The properties of C12000 copper include twelve common variations. This page shows summary ranges across all of them. For more specific values, follow the links immediately below. The graph bars on the material properties cards further below compare C12000 copper to: wrought coppers (top), all copper alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
120 GPa 17 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
2.8 to 50 %
Poisson's Ratio
0.34
Rockwell F Hardness
57 to 100
Rockwell Superficial 30T Hardness
27 to 70
Shear Modulus
43 GPa 6.3 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
160 to 240 MPa 24 to 34 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
230 to 410 MPa 34 to 60 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
77 to 400 MPa 11 to 58 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
210 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
200 °C 390 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1080 °C 1980 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1080 °C 1980 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
390 J/kg-K 0.092 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
390 W/m-K 220 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
17 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
98 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
98 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
31 % relative
Density
9.0 g/cm3 560 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
2.6 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
41 MJ/kg 18 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
310 L/kg 37 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
10 to 91 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
25 to 690 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
7.2 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
18 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
7.2 to 13 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
9.4 to 14 points
Thermal Diffusivity
110 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
8.2 to 15 points
Alloy Composition
Among wrought copper alloys, the composition of C12000 copper is notable for including phosphorus (P). Phosphorus is used as an alloy deoxidizer, and to reduce vulnerability to dezincification.
| Cu | 99.9 to 99.996 | |
| P | 0.0040 to 0.012 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
ASTM B111: Standard Specification for Copper and Copper-Alloy Seamless Condenser Tubes and Ferrule Stock
ASTM B152: Standard Specification for Copper Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Rolled Bar
Copper Alloys: Preparation, Properties and Applications, Michael Naboka and Jennifer Giordano (editors), 2013
Copper: Its Trade, Manufacture, Use, and Environmental Status, Gunter Joseph, 2001
ASM Specialty Handbook: Copper and Copper Alloys, J. R. Davis (editor), 2001