C31600 Bronze vs. Grade 23 Titanium
C31600 bronze belongs to the copper alloys classification, while grade 23 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is C31600 bronze and the bottom bar is grade 23 titanium.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 110 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 6.7 to 28 | |
| 6.7 to 11 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.33 | |
| 0.32 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 42 | |
| 40 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 170 to 270 | |
| 540 to 570 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 270 to 460 | |
| 930 to 940 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 80 to 390 | |
| 850 to 870 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 200 | |
| 410 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 180 | |
| 340 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1040 | |
| 1610 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1010 | |
| 1560 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 380 | |
| 560 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 140 | |
| 7.1 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 18 | |
| 9.4 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 32 | |
| 1.0 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 33 | |
| 2.0 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 29 | |
| 36 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.8 | |
| 4.4 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.7 | |
| 38 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 43 | |
| 610 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 310 | |
| 200 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 30 to 58 | |
| 61 to 100 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 28 to 690 | |
| 3430 to 3560 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 7.1 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 18 | |
| 35 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 8.5 to 15 | |
| 58 to 59 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 11 to 15 | |
| 48 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 42 | |
| 2.9 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 9.4 to 16 | |
| 67 to 68 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 5.5 to 6.5 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 87.5 to 90.5 | |
| 0 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.013 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.1 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Lead (Pb), % | 1.3 to 2.5 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0.7 to 1.2 | |
| 0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.13 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0.040 to 0.1 | |
| 0 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 88.1 to 91 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 3.5 to 4.5 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 5.2 to 10.5 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |