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C94100 Bronze vs. ASTM A387 Grade 12 Steel

C94100 bronze belongs to the copper alloys classification, while ASTM A387 grade 12 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is C94100 bronze and the bottom bar is ASTM A387 grade 12 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 92
190
Elongation at Break, % 7.8
25
Poisson's Ratio 0.36
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 34
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 190
470 to 520
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 130
260 to 310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 160
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 130
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 870
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 790
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 330
470
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 20
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 9.0
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.8
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 29
2.8
Density, g/cm3 9.2
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.0
1.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 48
21
Embodied Water, L/kg 370
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 14
98 to 110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 97
180 to 250
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 5.5
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 16
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 5.8
16 to 18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 8.1
17 to 18
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 7.6
14 to 15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0 to 0.0050
0
Antimony (Sb), % 0 to 0.8
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.050 to 0.17
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.8 to 1.2
Copper (Cu), % 72 to 79
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.25
97 to 98.2
Lead (Pb), % 18 to 22
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0.4 to 0.65
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.45 to 0.6
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 1.0
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 1.5
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.0050
0.15 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.080
0 to 0.025
Tin (Sn), % 4.5 to 6.5
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 1.0
0
Residuals, % 0 to 1.3
0