C99400 Brass vs. AWS E312

C99400 brass belongs to the copper alloys classification, while AWS E312 belongs to the iron alloys. There are 19 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is C99400 brass and the bottom bar is AWS E312.

UNS C99400 Brass AWS E312 (W31310) Weld Metal

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		120
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		200

Poisson's Ratio		0.34
Poisson's Ratio		0.27

Shear Modulus, GPa		44
Shear Modulus, GPa		80

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		460 to 550
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		740

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		230
Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		310

Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1070
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1410

Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1020
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1360

Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		480

Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		17
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		15

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative		30
Base Metal Price, % relative		20

Density, g/cm³		8.7
Density, g/cm³		7.7

Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		2.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		3.6

Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		45
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		52

Embodied Water, L/kg		310
Embodied Water, L/kg		200

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		7.5
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		15

Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		19
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		25

Strength to Weight: Axial, points		15 to 17
Strength to Weight: Axial, points		27

Strength to Weight: Bending, points		15 to 17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points		24

Thermal Shock Resistance, points		16 to 19
Thermal Shock Resistance, points		18

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), %		0.5 to 2.0
Aluminum (Al), %		0

Carbon (C), %		0
Carbon (C), %		0 to 0.15

Chromium (Cr), %		0
Chromium (Cr), %		28 to 32

Copper (Cu), %		83.5 to 96.5
Copper (Cu), %		0 to 0.75

Iron (Fe), %		1.0 to 3.0
Iron (Fe), %		52.3 to 63.5

Lead (Pb), %		0 to 0.25
Lead (Pb), %		0

Manganese (Mn), %		0 to 0.5
Manganese (Mn), %		0.5 to 2.5

Molybdenum (Mo), %		0
Molybdenum (Mo), %		0 to 0.75

Nickel (Ni), %		1.0 to 3.5
Nickel (Ni), %		8.0 to 10.5

Phosphorus (P), %		0
Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.040

Silicon (Si), %		0.5 to 2.0
Silicon (Si), %		0 to 1.0

Sulfur (S), %		0
Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.030

Zinc (Zn), %		0.5 to 5.0
Zinc (Zn), %		0

Residuals, %		0 to 0.3
Residuals, %		0