C99400 Brass vs. SAE-AISI D4 Steel
C99400 brass belongs to the copper alloys classification, while SAE-AISI D4 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 22 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is C99400 brass and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI D4 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 120 | |
| 190 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.34 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 44 | |
| 74 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 460 to 550 | |
| 760 to 2060 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 230 to 370 | |
| 470 to 1540 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 230 | |
| 270 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1070 | |
| 1430 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1020 | |
| 1380 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 400 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 17 | |
| 12 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 17 | |
| 4.2 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 17 | |
| 5.0 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 30 | |
| 8.0 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.7 | |
| 7.7 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.8 | |
| 3.3 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 45 | |
| 49 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 310 | |
| 100 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 7.5 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 19 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 15 to 17 | |
| 27 to 75 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 15 to 17 | |
| 24 to 47 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 16 to 19 | |
| 23 to 63 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0.5 to 2.0 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 | |
| 2.1 to 2.4 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 11 to 13 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 83.5 to 96.5 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 1.0 to 3.0 | |
| 80.6 to 86.3 |
| Lead (Pb), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 to 0.6 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0.7 to 1.2 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 1.0 to 3.5 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.5 to 2.0 | |
| 0 to 0.6 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0.5 to 5.0 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |