AISI 434 (S43400) Stainless Steel
AISI 434 stainless steel is a ferritic stainless steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. Cited properties are appropriate for the annealed condition. 434 is the AISI designation for this material. S43400 is the UNS number. Additionally, the British Standard (BS) designation is 434S19.
The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare AISI 434 stainless steel to: wrought ferritic stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
200 GPa 29 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
24 %
Fatigue Strength
220 MPa 32 x 103 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.28
Rockwell B Hardness
77
Shear Modulus
78 GPa 11 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
330 MPa 48 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
520 MPa 75 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
320 MPa 46 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
280 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion
410 °C 770 °F
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
880 °C 1610 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1510 °C 2750 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1430 °C 2600 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
480 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
25 W/m-K 14 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
10 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
2.5 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
2.9 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
9.5 % relative
Calomel Potential
-230 mV
Density
7.7 g/cm3 480 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
2.4 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
33 MJ/kg 14 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
120 L/kg 15 gal/lb
Common Calculations
PREN (Pitting Resistance)
20
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
110 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
260 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
14 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
25 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
19 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
18 points
Thermal Diffusivity
6.7 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
19 points
Alloy Composition
Among wrought stainless steels, the composition of AISI 434 stainless steel is notable for containing comparatively high amounts of chromium (Cr) and molybdenum (Mo). Chromium is the defining alloying element of stainless steel. Higher chromium content imparts additional corrosion resistance. Molybdenum is used to facilitate tempering. In addition, it offers modest bonuses to a wide range of material properties.
| Fe | 78.6 to 83.3 | |
| Cr | 16 to 18 | |
| Mo | 0.75 to 1.3 | |
| Mn | 0 to 1.0 | |
| Si | 0 to 1.0 | |
| C | 0 to 0.12 | |
| P | 0 to 0.040 | |
| S | 0 to 0.030 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
ASTM A276: Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
ASTM A240: Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications
Advanced Materials in Automotive Engineering, Jason Rowe (editor), 2012
Welding Metallurgy of Stainless Steels, Erich Folkhard et al., 2012
ASTM A959: Standard Guide for Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions for Wrought Stainless Steels
Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High Performance Alloys, ASM Handbook vol. 1, ASM International, 1993
Corrosion of Stainless Steels, A. John Sedriks, 1996
ASM Specialty Handbook: Stainless Steels, J. R. Davis (editor), 1994
Advances in Stainless Steels, Baldev Raj et al. (editors), 2010