ASTM A439 Type D-2 (S-NiCr 20 2, F43000) Cast Iron
ASTM A439 type D-2 is a type of austenitic nodular cast iron. Cited properties are appropriate for the stress relieved condition. ASTM A439 Type D-2 is the ASTM designation for this material. F43000 is the UNS number. Additionally, the British Standard (BS) designation is S2. And the AFNOR (French) designation is FGS Ni20 Cr2.
The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare ASTM A439 type D-2 to: cast irons (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
180 GPa 27 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
9.0 %
Poisson's Ratio
0.29
Shear Modulus
71 GPa 10 x 106 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
450 MPa 65 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
240 MPa 35 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
290 J/g
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1400 °C 2550 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1360 °C 2470 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
480 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Expansion
14 µm/m-K
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
16 % relative
Density
7.8 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
3.6 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
50 MJ/kg 22 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
96 L/kg 11 gal/lb
Common Calculations
PREN (Pitting Resistance)
5.1
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
34 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
160 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
13 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
24 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
16 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
17 points
Thermal Shock Resistance
13 points
Alloy Composition
| Fe | 66.9 to 77.4 | |
| Ni | 18 to 22 | |
| Si | 1.5 to 3.0 | |
| Cr | 1.8 to 2.8 | |
| C | 0 to 3.0 | |
| Mn | 0.7 to 1.3 | |
| Mo | 0.7 to 1.0 | |
| P | 0 to 0.080 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
ASTM A439: Standard Specification for Austenitic Ductile Iron Castings
ISO 2892: Austenitic Cast Irons - Classification
Cast Iron: Physical and Engineering Properties, Harold T. Angus, 1976
Microstructure of Steels and Cast Irons, Madeleine Durand-Charre, 2004
Ferrous Materials: Steel and Cast Iron, Hans Berns and Werner Theisen, 2008