EN 1.4301 (X5CrNi18-10) Stainless Steel
EN 1.4301 stainless steel is an austenitic stainless steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. 1.4301 is the EN numeric designation for this material. X5CrNi18-10 is the EN chemical designation.
This material is well established: the Further Reading section below cites a number of published standards, and that list is not necessarily exhaustive.
The properties of EN 1.4301 stainless steel include three common variations. This page shows summary ranges across all of them. For more specific values, follow the links immediately below. The graph bars on the material properties cards further below compare EN 1.4301 stainless steel to: wrought austenitic stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness
190 to 270
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
200 GPa 29 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
14 to 46 %
Fatigue Strength
200 to 330 MPa 29 to 47 x 103 psi
Impact Strength: V-Notched Charpy
91 to 94 J 67 to 69 ft-lb
Poisson's Ratio
0.28
Shear Modulus
77 GPa 11 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
430 to 550 MPa 62 to 79 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
610 to 900 MPa 88 to 130 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
220 to 570 MPa 32 to 83 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
290 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion
420 °C 780 °F
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
940 °C 1730 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1430 °C 2600 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1380 °C 2520 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
480 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
15 W/m-K 8.7 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
16 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
2.4 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
2.7 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
15 % relative
Density
7.8 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
3.0 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
43 MJ/kg 18 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
140 L/kg 17 gal/lb
Common Calculations
PREN (Pitting Resistance)
19
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
110 to 220 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
120 to 820 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
14 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
25 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
22 to 32 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
20 to 27 points
Thermal Diffusivity
4.0 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
14 to 20 points
Alloy Composition
Among wrought stainless steels, the composition of EN 1.4301 stainless steel is notable for containing comparatively high amounts of chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni). Chromium is the defining alloying element of stainless steel. Higher chromium content imparts additional corrosion resistance. Nickel is primarily used to achieve a specific microstructure. In addition, it has a beneficial effect on mechanical properties and certain types of corrosion.
| Fe | 66.8 to 74.5 | |
| Cr | 17.5 to 19.5 | |
| Ni | 8.0 to 10.5 | |
| Mn | 0 to 2.0 | |
| Si | 0 to 1.0 | |
| N | 0 to 0.1 | |
| C | 0 to 0.070 | |
| P | 0 to 0.045 | |
| S | 0 to 0.015 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
EN 10222-5: Steel forgings for pressure purposes - Part 5: Martensitic, austenitic and austenitic-ferritic stainless steels
EN 10272: Stainless steel bars for pressure purposes
EN 10250-4: Open die steel forgings for general engineering purposes - Part 4: Stainless steels
EN 10269: Steels and nickel alloys for fasteners with specified elevated and/or low temperature properties
EN 10088-3: Stainless steels - Part 3: Technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, bars, rods, wire, sections and bright products of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes
EN 10088-1: Stainless steels - Part 1: List of stainless steels
Corrosion of Austenitic Stainless Steels: Mechanism, Mitigation and Monitoring, H. S. Khatak and B. Raj (editors), 2002
Austenitic Stainless Steels: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties, P. Marshall, 1984
Advances in Stainless Steels, Baldev Raj et al. (editors), 2010