EN 1.4408 (GX5CrNiMo19-11-2) Cast Stainless Steel
EN 1.4408 stainless steel is an austenitic stainless steel formulated for casting. Cited properties are appropriate for the solution annealed (AT) condition. 1.4408 is the EN numeric designation for this material. GX5CrNiMo19-11-2 is the EN chemical designation.
It has a moderately low base cost and a moderately low embodied energy among cast austenitic stainless steels.
The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare EN 1.4408 stainless steel to: cast austenitic stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness
150
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
200 GPa 29 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
34 %
Fatigue Strength
170 MPa 24 x 103 psi
Impact Strength: V-Notched Charpy
67 J 50 ft-lb
Poisson's Ratio
0.28
Shear Modulus
78 GPa 11 x 106 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
510 MPa 74 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
210 MPa 31 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
300 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion
420 °C 790 °F
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
990 °C 1810 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1440 °C 2620 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1390 °C 2540 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
480 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
15 W/m-K 8.4 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
16 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
2.1 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
2.4 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
18 % relative
Density
7.8 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
3.7 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
52 MJ/kg 22 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
150 L/kg 18 gal/lb
Common Calculations
PREN (Pitting Resistance)
26
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
140 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
110 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
14 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
25 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
18 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
18 points
Thermal Diffusivity
3.9 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
11 points
Alloy Composition
Among cast stainless steels, the composition of EN 1.4408 stainless steel is notable for containing comparatively high amounts of molybdenum (Mo) and nickel (Ni). Molybdenum is used to facilitate tempering. In addition, it offers modest bonuses to a wide range of material properties. Nickel is primarily used to achieve a specific microstructure. In addition, it has a beneficial effect on mechanical properties and certain types of corrosion.
| Fe | 62.4 to 71 | |
| Cr | 18 to 20 | |
| Ni | 9.0 to 12 | |
| Mo | 2.0 to 2.5 | |
| Mn | 0 to 1.5 | |
| Si | 0 to 1.5 | |
| C | 0 to 0.070 | |
| P | 0 to 0.040 | |
| S | 0 to 0.030 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
ISO 11972: Corrosion-resistant cast steels for general applications
EN 10283: Corrosion resistant steel castings
ISO 4991: Steel castings for pressure purposes
Austenitic Stainless Steels: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties, P. Marshall, 1984
Corrosion of Stainless Steels, A. John Sedriks, 1996
Advances in Stainless Steels, Baldev Raj et al. (editors), 2010