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4343 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 1090 Steel

4343 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 1090 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 4343 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1090 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
190
Elongation at Break, % 4.4
11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 45
320 to 380
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
72
Shear Strength, MPa 64
470 to 570
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 110
790 to 950
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 62
520 to 610

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 510
240
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 160
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 620
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 580
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 180
50
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 22
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 44
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 150
8.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
1.8
Density, g/cm3 2.6
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.9
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 1100
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 4.1
82 to 91
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 27
730 to 1000
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 53
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 12
28 to 34
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
24 to 27
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 77
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 5.2
25 to 31

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 90.3 to 93.2
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.85 to 1.0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.8
98 to 98.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0.6 to 0.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 6.8 to 8.2
0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.050
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0