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A390.0 Aluminum vs. ACI-ASTM CF8C Steel

A390.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ACI-ASTM CF8C steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is A390.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is ACI-ASTM CF8C steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 110 to 140
150
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 75
200
Elongation at Break, % 0.87 to 0.91
40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 70 to 100
220
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 28
77
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 190 to 290
530
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 190 to 290
260

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 640
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
980
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 580
1420
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 480
1430
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 880
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 20
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 20
2.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 67
2.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
19
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.3
3.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
53
Embodied Water, L/kg 950
150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 1.6 to 2.6
180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 240 to 580
170
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 52
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 19 to 30
19
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 27 to 36
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 56
4.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 9.0 to 14
11

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 75.3 to 79.6
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 0
18 to 21
Copper (Cu), % 4.0 to 5.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.5
61.8 to 73
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.45 to 0.65
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
9.0 to 12
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0 to 1.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 16 to 18
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.2
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.1
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.2
0