AISI 431 Stainless Steel vs. AISI 416 Stainless Steel
Both AISI 431 stainless steel and AISI 416 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 95% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 33 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 431 stainless steel and the bottom bar is AISI 416 stainless steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 250 | |
| 230 to 320 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 15 to 17 | |
| 13 to 31 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 430 to 610 | |
| 230 to 340 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 77 | |
| 76 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 550 to 840 | |
| 340 to 480 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 890 to 1380 | |
| 510 to 800 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 710 to 1040 | |
| 290 to 600 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 280 | |
| 270 |
| Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C | 400 | |
| 390 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 850 | |
| 680 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1510 | |
| 1530 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1450 | |
| 1480 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 26 | |
| 30 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 9.9 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 2.6 | |
| 2.9 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 3.0 | |
| 3.3 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 9.0 | |
| 7.0 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.7 | |
| 7.7 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.2 | |
| 1.9 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 31 | |
| 27 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 120 | |
| 100 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 16 | |
| 13 |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 140 to 180 | |
| 98 to 140 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 1270 to 2770 | |
| 220 to 940 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 32 to 50 | |
| 18 to 29 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 27 to 36 | |
| 18 to 25 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 7.0 | |
| 8.1 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 28 to 43 | |
| 19 to 30 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.2 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 15 to 17 | |
| 12 to 14 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 78.2 to 83.8 | |
| 83.2 to 87.9 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0 to 1.3 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 1.3 to 2.5 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.060 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |