Annealed Grade 23 Titanium vs. Annealed S45500 Stainless Steel
Annealed grade 23 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while annealed S45500 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is annealed grade 23 titanium and the bottom bar is annealed S45500 stainless steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 11 | |
| 3.4 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 500 | |
| 570 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.28 |
| Rockwell C Hardness | 32 | |
| 32 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 40 | |
| 75 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 570 | |
| 790 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 940 | |
| 1370 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 850 | |
| 1240 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 410 | |
| 270 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 340 | |
| 760 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1610 | |
| 1440 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1560 | |
| 1400 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 560 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 9.4 | |
| 11 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 36 | |
| 17 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.4 | |
| 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 38 | |
| 3.8 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 610 | |
| 57 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 200 | |
| 120 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 100 | |
| 45 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 3430 | |
| 4000 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 59 | |
| 48 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 48 | |
| 35 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 68 | |
| 48 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 5.5 to 6.5 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 11 to 12.5 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 1.5 to 2.5 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.013 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 71.5 to 79.2 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 7.5 to 9.5 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.13 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Tantalum (Ta), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 88.1 to 91 | |
| 0.8 to 1.4 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 3.5 to 4.5 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |