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Grade 25 Titanium vs. SAE-AISI T1 Steel

Grade 25 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while SAE-AISI T1 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 20 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (12, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 25 titanium and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI T1 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 110
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 40
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1000
770 to 2130

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 410
240
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1610
1810
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1560
1750
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 560
410
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 7.1
20
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 9.6
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 4.5
9.3
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 43
8.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 700
130
Embodied Water, L/kg 320
90

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
12
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 35
21
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 62
23 to 64
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 50
20 to 40
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 2.8
5.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 71
23 to 64

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 5.5 to 6.8
0
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.65 to 0.8
Chromium (Cr), % 0
3.8 to 4.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.013
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.4
73.2 to 77.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0.1 to 0.4
Nickel (Ni), % 0.3 to 0.8
0 to 0.3
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.050
0
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.2
0
Palladium (Pd), % 0.040 to 0.080
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0
0.2 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 86.7 to 90.6
0
Tungsten (W), % 0
17.3 to 18.8
Vanadium (V), % 3.5 to 4.5
0.9 to 1.3
Residuals, % 0 to 0.4
0