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Grade 31 Titanium vs. AISI 416 Stainless Steel

Grade 31 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while AISI 416 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 31 titanium and the bottom bar is AISI 416 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 110
190
Elongation at Break, % 20
13 to 31
Fatigue Strength, MPa 300
230 to 340
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 41
76
Shear Strength, MPa 320
340 to 480
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 510
510 to 800
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 450
290 to 600

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 420
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 320
680
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1660
1530
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1610
1480
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 540
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 21
30
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 8.7
9.9

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.4
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 6.9
3.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 4.5
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 36
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 600
27
Embodied Water, L/kg 230
100

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 99
98 to 140
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 940
220 to 940
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 35
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 32
18 to 29
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 32
18 to 25
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.5
8.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 39
19 to 30

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 0
12 to 14
Cobalt (Co), % 0.2 to 0.8
0
Hydrogen (H), % 0 to 0.015
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.3
83.2 to 87.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0 to 1.3
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.050
0
Oxygen (O), % 0 to 0.35
0
Palladium (Pd), % 0.040 to 0.080
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.060
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0.15 to 0.35
Titanium (Ti), % 97.9 to 99.76
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.4
0