Grade 5 Titanium vs. Grade 31 Titanium
Both grade 5 titanium and grade 31 titanium are titanium alloys. They have 90% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 5 titanium and the bottom bar is grade 31 titanium.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 110 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 8.6 to 11 | |
| 20 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 530 to 630 | |
| 300 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.32 |
| Reduction in Area, % | 21 to 25 | |
| 34 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 40 | |
| 41 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 600 to 710 | |
| 320 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 1000 to 1190 | |
| 510 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 910 to 1110 | |
| 450 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 410 | |
| 420 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 330 | |
| 320 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1610 | |
| 1660 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1650 | |
| 1610 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 560 | |
| 540 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 6.8 | |
| 21 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 8.9 | |
| 8.7 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 1.0 | |
| 3.4 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 2.0 | |
| 6.9 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.4 | |
| 4.5 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 38 | |
| 36 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 610 | |
| 600 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 200 | |
| 230 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 100 to 110 | |
| 99 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 3980 to 5880 | |
| 940 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 35 | |
| 35 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 62 to 75 | |
| 32 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 50 to 56 | |
| 32 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 2.7 | |
| 8.5 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 76 to 91 | |
| 39 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 5.5 to 6.8 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 0 | |
| 0.2 to 0.8 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.2 | |
| 0 to 0.35 |
| Palladium (Pd), % | 0 | |
| 0.040 to 0.080 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 87.4 to 91 | |
| 97.9 to 99.76 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 3.5 to 4.5 | |
| 0 |
| Yttrium (Y), % | 0 to 0.0050 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |