EN 1.4305 (X8CrNiS18-9) Stainless Steel
EN 1.4305 stainless steel is an austenitic stainless steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. 1.4305 is the EN numeric designation for this material. X8CrNiS18-9 is the EN chemical designation.
It has a moderately low embodied energy among the wrought austenitic stainless steels in the database.
The properties of EN 1.4305 stainless steel include three common variations. This page shows summary ranges across all of them. For more specific values, follow the links immediately below. The graph bars on the material properties cards further below compare EN 1.4305 stainless steel to: wrought austenitic stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness
200 to 270
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
200 GPa 28 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
14 to 40 %
Fatigue Strength
190 to 330 MPa 27 to 47 x 103 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.28
Shear Modulus
77 GPa 11 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
420 to 550 MPa 60 to 79 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
610 to 900 MPa 88 to 130 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
220 to 570 MPa 31 to 83 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
290 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion
410 °C 780 °F
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
930 °C 1700 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1420 °C 2590 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1380 °C 2510 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
480 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
15 W/m-K 8.7 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
16 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
2.4 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
2.7 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
15 % relative
Density
7.8 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
3.0 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
42 MJ/kg 18 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
140 L/kg 17 gal/lb
Common Calculations
PREN (Pitting Resistance)
19
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
110 to 190 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
120 to 830 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
14 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
25 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
22 to 32 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
20 to 27 points
Thermal Diffusivity
4.0 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
14 to 20 points
Alloy Composition
Among wrought stainless steels, the composition of EN 1.4305 stainless steel is notable for including copper (Cu). Copper is used to improve resistance to acids, and to improve formability.
| Fe | 66.4 to 74.9 | |
| Cr | 17 to 19 | |
| Ni | 8.0 to 10 | |
| Mn | 0 to 2.0 | |
| Si | 0 to 1.0 | |
| Cu | 0 to 1.0 | |
| S | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| C | 0 to 0.1 | |
| N | 0 to 0.1 | |
| P | 0 to 0.045 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
EN 10088-2: Stainless steels - Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for sheet/plate and strip of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes
EN 10088-3: Stainless steels - Part 3: Technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, bars, rods, wire, sections and bright products of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes
EN 10088-1: Stainless steels - Part 1: List of stainless steels
Corrosion of Austenitic Stainless Steels: Mechanism, Mitigation and Monitoring, H. S. Khatak and B. Raj (editors), 2002
Austenitic Stainless Steels: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties, P. Marshall, 1984
Corrosion of Stainless Steels, A. John Sedriks, 1996
Advances in Stainless Steels, Baldev Raj et al. (editors), 2010