3104 Aluminum vs. EN 1.4594 Stainless Steel
3104 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while EN 1.4594 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.
For each property being compared, the top bar is 3104 aluminum and the bottom bar is EN 1.4594 stainless steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 70 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 1.1 to 20 | |
| 11 to 17 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 74 to 130 | |
| 490 to 620 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.33 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 26 | |
| 76 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 110 to 180 | |
| 620 to 700 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 170 to 310 | |
| 1020 to 1170 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 68 to 270 | |
| 810 to 1140 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 400 | |
| 280 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 180 | |
| 820 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 650 | |
| 1450 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 600 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 900 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 160 | |
| 16 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 23 | |
| 11 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 41 | |
| 2.2 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 130 | |
| 2.5 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 9.5 | |
| 15 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 2.8 | |
| 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 8.4 | |
| 3.2 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 150 | |
| 45 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 1180 | |
| 130 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 1.6 to 60 | |
| 110 to 190 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 34 to 540 | |
| 1660 to 3320 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 50 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 17 to 31 | |
| 36 to 41 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 25 to 37 | |
| 29 to 31 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 64 | |
| 4.4 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 7.6 to 13 | |
| 34 to 39 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 95.1 to 98.4 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.070 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 13 to 15 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0.050 to 0.25 | |
| 1.2 to 2.0 |
| Gallium (Ga), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.8 | |
| 72.6 to 79.5 |
| Magnesium (Mg), % | 0.8 to 1.3 | |
| 0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.8 to 1.4 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 1.2 to 2.0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 5.0 to 6.0 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.6 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.6 | |
| 0 to 0.7 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 to 0.1 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.15 | |
| 0 |